类比数学里 Derivatives 的概念，因变量相对自变量变化的变化程度，我们给出金融里 Derivatives 的定义。
[!note] Derivatives A derivative is a financial instrument whose value depends on or derives from the value of an underlying asset or variable.
| Terms | Definition |
|---|---|
| Futures | an agreement to buy or sell an asset at a future date. |
| Forwards | futures contract that don’t trade on an open exchange. Each forwards contract is a custom contract directly between the 2 parties. |
| Options | give the right (not obligation) to buy/sell the stock at a strike price by the expiration of the option. |
| Swaps |